What causes someone to have a bad credit rating, and what can they do to fix it?

• Alex Hartley
• 15th January, 2018
• Bad Credit Loans

If you’ve applied for credit and been unexpectedly rejected then this may have something to do with your credit rating. A credit rating is basically an overview of the way that you have managed your money and credit in the past. It is data that is made available to lenders by credit reference agencies that will reveal information such as how much you’re borrowing, how well you’ve made repayments and how often you’re applying for credit. Lenders use their own “rules” to turn this credit rating data into a credit score, and then use the score as a means to decide whether to lend or not.

A poor credit rating may not seem like the end of the world but it can have an impact in many ways. For example:

• Rejection of credit card loans and applications
• Only being offered high interest credit
• Higher insurance premiums
• Being unable to take out a mobile phone contract
• Difficulty getting a car loan
• Being denied business start-up finance

What causes a bad credit rating?

There is no single credit rating that every lender can see to make a judgment when it comes to your finances. However, there are a number of factors that will drag your credit score down whichever credit rating agency you refer to. These include:

Not sticking to the terms of another credit agreement. For example, you may have signed up for a personal loan but then not made repayments each month, as agreed. Even just making loan repayments late can have a negative impact on your credit rating.

Making only minimum repayments. If you’re doing nothing but paying off as little as possible on credit cards, for example, this could also negatively influence your credit rating. Many lenders see this as evidence of being unable to manage money and pay off debts.

You’ve never had any credit. It might seem that being completely free of debt in the past would make you an ideal candidate for a lender now. However, that’s not the case. If you haven’t borrowed before then there is no evidence of good money management on your file and this can make it just as difficult to borrow now – and at a good interest rate – than having a history of bad credit decisions.

Being declared bankrupt. If you’ve struggled with credit in the past and ended up either with an Individual Voluntary Arrangement or having a County Court Judgement against you this will have a very negative impact on your credit rating.

Making too many credit applications. Although the various credit agencies rate this differently, roughly 10% of your credit rating is affected by the number of credit enquiries being made. So, if you’ve recently made multiple credit applications – especially if all have been denied – then this will negatively impact on your score.

Inaccurate, false or fraudulent information. The information in your credit file needs to be accurate in order to reflect your genuine creditworthiness. Your credit rating may be low if, for example, you are not registered on the electoral roll. You’ll see a significant drop in your credit rating if you’ve been the victim of fraud and someone else is spending credit in your name. Even incorrect address information could have an impact.

What to do to fix a bad credit rating

• Make your payments on time to show a pattern of good borrower behaviour
• Reduce some of the balances you currently have outstanding, even if only by a little
• Check your credit report and make sure all the information is accurate. Look out for any activity you don’t recognise that could be evidence of fraud
• If you’re struggling with the debts you already have don’t apply for more credit. Seek help in managing and paying off those debts
• Wait at least six months before making any more applications for credit that will result in enquiries on your credit file. Wherever possible ensure any credit provider uses a “soft search” to assess an application – then there will be no footprint on your credit file.
• If you don’t have any credit history then apply for a credit card or personal loan, even if the interest rates are not favourable. Pay this off in line with the credit agreement to start to establish positive borrower history
• Apply only for the credit you’re likely to get – look at these bad credit loans options.
• If you’ve shared finances with someone in the past but now gone your separate ways, make sure your credit file isn’t still linked to theirs. If they have a bad credit score it will affect yours too
• Check your credit history is accurate – for example, if you have a bankruptcy order annulled make sure that a copy of the order of discharge or annulment is distributed to credit agencies
• Try to stay put – lenders like long-term addresses, landline phone numbers and a solid employment history as all these provide evidence of stability.

Video: All About Bad Credit & How to Fix It

Related Stories

• What does a bad credit history mean? What can you do about it?
• Could a bad credit rating affect your employment?
• Why a bad credit score could damage your personal relationships